Technique is the ‘proper pattern of movements to do a specific sport skill’.
In the context of kumite, punching and kicking techniques are allowed at the head and abdomen.
Kumite’s scoring system contains: 3 points are awarded for leg kicks to the head and the techniques of cleaning and throwing, which result in a final fall of the opponent or a final punch, 2 points are adjudicated for kicks to the trunk and punches to the back, including the back of the head and neck.
To achieve injury prevention, new rules are stricter about prohibited behavior for competitors, including excessive force used in dealing blows to permitted areas, to the forbidden areas, blows to the face with open hand techniques, and dangerous or prohibited throwing techniques.
Then all the successful techniques and point losing KPIs have been extracted by regarding the antecedents and critical points which started to occur by the referee hajime and finished by the referee yame.
23 different techniques plus warnings were recorded.
Result A total of 345 points were awarded to the point winning competitors.
Among them Oi Zuki was the most used technique in the 2016 karate world championships finals with 90 total frequency for both winners and losers, regarding 15 for winning sides and 75 for unsuccessful tries; it means that approximately 83% of performed oi zuki by competitors were unsuccessful while only about 17% of them were successful.
As it is clear from statistics, there is a great tendency among individual matches for oi zuki performance which is in total 60 attacks by this technique while team competitions the fighters tend to use Kizami zuki more than any other techniques.
Laird & McLeod stated that the most frequently scored technique for all the fighters was Gyaku-Zuki to the body with 43.28% rate.
O’Donoghue’s definition of performance indicators is a great starting point ‘A performance indicator must represent some relevant and important aspect of play’.
So the point losing KPIs are placed into the antecedents’ KPIs.
Having a good knowledge about antecedents’ KPIs can lead us to a result that why a point is lost.
Among them 25 out of 222 were the most point losing KPI which allocated to “Point Loser starts an attack”, it means that the karateka who lost the point was the man who started the attack.
In the below you can see the five top point losing KPIs and their frequencies.
Table 2: Top 5 point losing KPIs Point Losing KPI Name Frequency Point Loser starts an attack 25 Point Obtainer starts an attack 23 Error of Distancing 20 Wrong Technique Selection 20 Delay in Technique Performance 13 Discussion and Conclusion: In team final between Iran and Japan, there were 5 matches, therefore as you see from Table 6; for example, in “Wrong technique selection” in 5 matches there were 5 cases of this type; however, the same KPI in -60 kg kumite between Iran and Netherlands occurred 5 times which means equal to all the five team matches.
As you see again in this weight there was no “Delay in Technique Performance” which shows that in light weight a karateka should decide rapidly what to do or react against his opponent; so however there is no “Delay in Technique Performance” but there are a lot of “Wrong Technique Selection” equal to all five team matches.
One of our point losing KPI which shows the high class and level of karatekas is “Complete Confusion”.
The frequency is the 3rd amongst all attacking techniques but currently the karate coaches haven’t found a good way in this technique performance or may be their focus on this technique was not enough.
From these statistics we can conclude that may be in near future Chudan Mawashi Geri becomes the top used and scoring technique.
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